Articles by "Water"

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Harvey J. E. Rodda, Max A. Little ... 104 pages - Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell; (January, 2016) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 1444335499 - ISBN-13: 978-1444335491 ...

Pick up any hydrology textbook and it will not be long before you encounter pages listing sequences of equations representing complex mathematical concepts. Students and practitioners of hydrology will not find this very helpful, as their aim, generally, is to study and understand hydrology, and not to find themselves confronted with material that even students of mathematics would find challenging. Often, equations appear to be copied and pasted into hydrological texts in an attempt to give a more rigorous scientific basis to the narrative. However, they are commonly wrong, poorly explained, without context or background, and more likely to confuse and distance the reader than to enlighten and engage them in the topic. Understanding Mathematical and Statistical Techniques in Hydrology provides full and detailed expositions of such equations and mathematical concepts, commonly used in hydrology. In contrast to other hydrological texts, instead of presenting abstract mathematical hydrology, the essential mathematics is explained with the help of real-world hydrological examples.

Donald A. Bruce ... 447 pages -Publisher: CRC Press; 1st edition (October, 2012) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0415781949 - ISBN-13: 978-0415781947 ... 

Dam and levee remediation has become more prevalent since the start of the twenty-first century. Given the vastness and complexity of the infrastructures involved, keeping up with maintenance needs is very difficult. Major surges in repair are usually triggered by nature’s wake-up calls, such as hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes. The challenge has been to develop methods that ensure safe, effective, reliable, and robust solutions for current and future remediation issues. Specialty Construction Techniques for Dam and Levee Remediation presents the state of practice in North American dam and levee remediation as it relates to the use of specialty geotechnical construction techniques, such as anchors, grouting, cutoff (diaphragm) walls, and deep mixing.

The book focuses on the actual construction processes, describing design and performance aspects of remediation where appropriate. Chapters deal with the application of drilling and grouting methods, methods to install mix-in-place (category 2) cutoff structures, excavated and backfilled trenches (category 1), composite cutoff walls, and stabilization using prestressed rock anchors. The book also provides a comprehensive guide to dam and levee instrumentation, covering planning, operating principles, data management, staffing, and automation. As an educational and salutary example of ineffective efforts, the final chapter presents a case history of a series of remediations performed on a single project, which ultimately proved unsuccessful. A wide range of methods has been developed in response to the challenges that arise in the dam and levee remediation arena and the need for a competitive edge. These new methods are designed and monitored using state-of-the-art techniques, giving rise to the emergence of new intensity and initiative in this field. This book captures this transformation by examining the theory and practice of contemporary remedial techniques, using recent U.S. case histories to provide knowledge and inspiration to readers, both in North America and around the world.

C. Pozrikidis ... 901 pages - Publisher: Springer; 3rd edition (August, 2016) ... Language: English - ISBN-10: 1489979905 - ISBN-13: 978-1489979902 ...

This book provides an accessible introduction to the basic theory of fluid mechanics and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) from a modern perspective that unifies theory and numerical computation. Methods of scientific computing are introduced alongside with theoretical analysis and MATLAB® codes are presented and discussed for a broad range of topics: from interfacial shapes in hydrostatics, to vortex dynamics, to viscous flow, to turbulent flow, to panel methods for flow past airfoils. The third edition includes new topics, additional examples, solved and unsolved problems, and revised images. It adds more computational algorithms and MATLAB programs. It also incorporates discussion of the latest version of the fluid dynamics software library FDLIB, which is freely available online. FDLIB offers an extensive range of computer codes that demonstrate the implementation of elementary and advanced algorithms and provide an invaluable resource for research, teaching, classroom instruction, and self-study. This book is a must for students in all fields of engineering, computational physics, scientific computing, and applied mathematics. It can be used in both undergraduate and graduate courses in fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, and computational fluid dynamics. The audience includes not only advanced undergraduate and entry-level graduate students, but also a broad class of scientists and engineers with a general interest in scientific computing.

Luis Berga, J.M. Buil, E. Bofill, J.C. De Cea ... 
1412 pages - Publisher: CRC Press; (May 25, 2006) ...
Language: English - ASIN: B00UVA6CVU by Amazon Digital Services ...

Water resources stored by dams and reservoirs play an essential role in water resource management, hydropower and flood control. Where there is an extensive network of dam infrastructures, dams have made a major contribution to economic and social development, providing considerable storage capacity per capita. However, dams and reservoirs may also have an important social and environmental impact, and should be studied within the framework of integrated water resource management and sustainable development. Dams and Reservoirs, Societies and Environment in the 21st Century presents the latest research on the role played by dams and reservoirs in 21st century societies, in developed, emergent and developing countries. It analyses the viability of dams and suggests alternative solutions from a holistic perspective, considering the technical, economic, social and environmental aspects. Other issues covered include the social acceptability of dams, public involvement and dam awareness. The book covers subjects ranging from dam engineering, through the benefits and drawbacks of dams, to their social and environmental impact, and contains numerous case studies of the constructive contributions that reservoirs have made to water development and management. The book is a valuable resource for professional and dam engineers, water managers, governmental organizations and commercial enterprises responsible for dam.

Jack Evett, Cheng Liu ... 800 pages - Publisher: McGraw-Hill; 1st edition (January, 1989) ... Language: English - ISBN-10: 0070197849 - ISBN-13: 978-0070197848 ...

This powerful problem-solver gives you 2,500 problems in fluid mechanics and hydraulics, fully solved step-by-step! From Schaum’s, the originator of the solved-problem guide, and students’ favorite with over 30 million study guides sold—this timesaver helps you master every type of fluid mechanics and hydraulics problem that you will face in your homework and on your tests, from properties of fluids to drag and lift. Work the problems yourself, then check the answers, or go directly to the answers you need using the complete index. Compatible with any classroom text, Schaum’s 2500 Solved Problems in Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics is so complete it’s the perfect tool for graduate or professional exam review! From the Back Cover: Master fluid mechanics and hydraulics with Schaum’s—the high-performance solved-problem guide. It will help you cut study time, hone problem-solving skills, and achieve your personal best on exams! Students love Schaum’s Solved Problem Guides because they produce results. Each year, hundreds of thousands of students improve their test scores and final grades with these indispensable guides. Get the edge on your classmates. Use Schaum’s! If you don't have a lot of time but want to excel in class, this book helps you: Brush up before tests; Find answers fast; Study quickly and more effectively; Get the big picture without spending hours poring over lengthy textbooks. Timesaving features include: Step-by-step solutions to problems; Complete explanations of every step; Thousands of practice problems; Problems from every area of fluid mechanics and hydraulics; Problems grouped by topic; A wealth of problems on each topic; Clear diagrams and illustrations; Comprehensive index. Compatible with any classroom text, Schaum’s 2500 Solved Problems in Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics lets you progress at your own pace and find the anwers you need—fast! This Schaum’s Solved Problem Guide is so complete it’s the perfect tool for graduate or professional exam review!

You get fully solved problems explained step-by-step in chapters on: Properties of Fluids. Fluid Statics. Forces on Submerged Plane Areas. Dams. Forces on Submerged Curved Areas. Buoyancy and Flotation. Kinematics of Fluid Motion. Fundamentals of Fluid Flow. Flow in Closed Conduits. Energy Losses Due to Friction. Minor Energy Losses. Series Pipeline Systems. Parallel Pipeline Systems; Branching Pipeline Systems. Pipe Networks. Dimensional Analysis and Simultude. Flow in Open Channels. Flood Routing. Flow of Compressible Fluids. Unsteady Flow Problems. Flow Measurement. Pumps and Fans. Turbines. Hydraulic and Energy Grade Lines; Forces Developed by Fluids in Motion. Dynamic Drag and Lift. Basic Hydrodynamics. Index.

Pavel Novak, Vincent Guinot, Alan Jeffrey, Dominic E. Reeve ... 
616 pages - Publisher: CRC Press; 1st edition (February, 2010) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0419250204 - ISBN-13: 978-0419250203 ... 

Modelling forms a vital part of all engineering design, yet many hydraulic engineers are not fully aware of the assumptions they make. These assumptions can have important consequences when choosing the best model to inform design decisions. Considering the advantages and limitations of both physical and mathematical methods, this book will help you identify the most appropriate form of analysis for the hydraulic engineering application in question. All models require the knowledge of their background, good data and careful interpretation and so this book also provides guidance on the range of accuracy to be expected of the model simulations and how they should be related to the prototype.

Applications to models include: open channel systems - closed conduit flows - storm drainage systems - estuaries - coastal and nearshore structures -hydraulic structures. This an invaluable guide for students and professionals.

Paulo C. F. Erbisti ... 442 pages - Publisher: CRC Press; 2nd edition (May, 2014) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0415659396 - ISBN-13: 978-0415659390 ...

 Revised and updated, this second edition of Design of Hydraulic Gates maintains the same goal as the original: to be used as a textbook and a manual of design of gates, presenting the main aspects of design, manufacture, installation and operation of hydraulic gates, while introducing new products, technologies and calculation procedures. This edition included new chapters on intake gates and trashrack design, highlighting the aspects of safety, operational and maintenance procedures. To improve the strength against structural failure of intake trashracks, the author proposes a series of rigid calculation assumptions, design parameters and manufacturing procedures, which will certainly result in safer trashracks. Some 340 drawings and photographs, 82 tables, 107 references and 23 worked examples help the reader to understand the basic concepts and calculation methods presented.

M. Hanif Chaudhry ... 583 pages - Publisher: Springer; 3rd edition (September, 2013) ... Language: English - ISBN-10: 1461485371 - ISBN-13: 978-1461485377 ...

Applied Hydraulic Transients, 3rd Edition covers hydraulic transients in a comprehensive and systematic manner from introduction to advanced level and presents various methods of analysis for computer solution. The book is suitable as a textbook for senior-level undergraduate and graduate students as well as a reference for practicing engineers and researchers. The field of application of the book is very broad and diverse and covers areas such as hydroelectric projects, pumped storage schemes, water-supply systems, cooling-water systems, oil pipelines and industrial piping systems. A strong emphasis is given to practical applications: several case studies, problems of applied nature, and design criteria are included. This will help the design engineers and introduce the students to real-life projects. Up-to-date references are included at the end of each chapter.

Xin-She Yang, Amir Hossein Gandomi,  Siamak Talatahari, Amir Hossein Alavi ... 496 pages - Publisher: Elsevier; 1st edition (December, 2012) ... Language: English - ASIN: B00AMZZR1K by Amazon Digital Services ...

Due to an ever-decreasing supply in raw materials and stringent constraints on conventional energy sources, demand for lightweight, efficient and low cost structures has become crucially important in modern engineering design. This requires engineers to search for optimal and robust design options to address design problems that are often large in scale and highly nonlinear, making finding solutions challenging. In the past two decades, metaheuristic algorithms have shown promising power, efficiency and versatility in solving these difficult optimization problems. This book examines the latest developments of metaheuristics and their applications in water, geotechnical and transport engineering offering practical case studies as examples to demonstrate real world applications. Topics cover a range of areas within engineering, including reviews of optimization algorithms, artificial intelligence, cuckoo search, genetic programming, neural networks, multivariate adaptive regression, swarm intelligence, genetic algorithms, ant colony optimization, evolutionary multiobjective optimization with diverse applications in engineering such as behavior of materials, geotechnical design, flood control, water distribution and signal networks. This book can serve as a supplementary text for design courses and computation in engineering as well as a reference for researchers and engineers in metaheursitics, optimization in civil engineering and computational intelligence. Provides detailed descriptions of all major metaheuristic algorithms with a focus on practical implementation + Develops new hybrid and advanced methods suitable for civil engineering problems at all levels + Appropriate for researchers and advanced students to help to develop their work.

P. D. Smith ... 168 pages - Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann; (July, 1982) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0408011122 - ISBN-13: 978-0408011129 ...

BASIC Hydraulics aims to help students both to become proficient in the BASIC programming language by actually using the language in an important field of engineering and to use computing as a means of mastering the subject of hydraulics. The book begins with a summary of the technique of computing in BASIC together with comments and listing of the main commands and statements. Subsequent chapters introduce the fundamental concepts and appropriate governing equations. Topics covered include principles of fluid mechanics; flow in pipes, pipe networks and open channels; hydraulic machinery; and seepage and groundwater flow. Each chapter provides a series of worked examples consisting primarily of an introduction in which the general topic or specific problem to be considered is presented. A program capable of solving the problem is then given, together with examples of the output, sometimes for several different sets of conditions. Finally, in a section headed Program Notes the way the program is constructed and operates is explained, and the engineering lessons to be learned from the program output are indicated. Each chapter also concludes with a set of problems for the student to attempt. This book is mainly intended for the first- and second-year undergraduate student of civil engineering who will be concerned with the application of fundamental fluid mechanics theory to civil engineering problems.

Alan L. Prasuhn ... 528 pages - Publisher: Oxford University Press; (June, 1995) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0195107322 - ISBN-13: 978-0195107326 ...

This text provides comprehensive treatment of hydraulic engineering in both closed conduit and open channel flow and a clear presentation, with more examples and problems than most competitors. The carefully organized coverage, beginning with basics of hydrology, pipelines, and open channels. Also includes both hydrologic background and traditional hydraulics. A good balance of theory and applications and extensive appendices, including selected computer programs, round out the text.

Elizabeth M. Shaw, Keith J. Beven, Nick A. Chappell, Rob Lamb ...
560 pages - Publisher: CRC Press; 4th edition (August, 2010) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0415370426 - ISBN-13: 978-0415370424 ...

Hydrology in Practice is an excellent and very successful introductory text for engineering hydrology students who go on to be practitioners in consultancies, the Environment Agency, and elsewhere.

This fourth edition of Hydrology in Practice, while retaining all that is excellent about its predecessor, by Elizabeth M. Shaw, replaces the material on the Flood Studies Report with an equivalent section on the methods of the Flood Estimation Handbook and its revisions. Other completely revised sections on instrumentation and modelling reflect the many changes that have occurred over recent years. The updated text has taken advantage of the extensive practical experience of the staff of JBA Consulting who use the methods described on a day-to-day basis. Topical case studies further enhance the text and the way in which students at undergraduate and MSc level can relate to it. The fourth edition will also have a wider appeal outside the UK by including new material on hydrological processes, which also relate to courses in geography and environmental science departments. In this respect the book draws on the expertise of Keith J. Beven and Nick A. Chappell, who have extensive experience of field hydrological studies in a variety of different environments, and have taught undergraduate hydrology courses for many years.

Second- and final-year undergraduate (and MSc) students of hydrology in engineering, environmental science, and geography departments across the globe, as well as professionals in environmental protection agencies and consultancies, will find this book invaluable. It is likely to be the course text for every undergraduate/MSc hydrology course in the UK and in many cases overseas too.

Ray K. Linsley, Joseph L. Paulhus, Max A. Kohler ... 
512 pages - Publisher: McGraw-Hill; 3rd edition (January, 1982) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0070379564 - ISBN-13: 978-0070379565 ...

Ray Linsley was a pioneer in the development of procedures for hydrologic simulation employing continuous deterministic models and was one of the most influential hydrologists of his time.

Thomas M. Turner ... 
 258 pages - Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE); 2nd edition (January, 1996) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0784401470 - ISBN-13: 978-0784401477 ...

This fully revised and updated edition presents the basic principles of hydraulic dredging in terms that are easily understood. One of the most widely used texts available on dredging, this book is nontheoretical and readable. New information on significant technical advances and environmental issues isprovided. Charts and data have been updated, improved, and simplified, but the fundamentals remain unchanged. Theoretical topics include: production rate calculation dredge efficiency hydraulic transport factors maximum dredge production suction line and digging depth \horsepower vs. line length production charts dredge cycle flow regime and friction cavitation Practical topics include: selecting the dredge type the cutter the dredge pump ladder and booster pumps wear in pumps and pipelines auxiliary equipment instrumentation and automatic control calculating and bidding the project use of the personal computer operation and troubleshooting environment and the dredge The book is intended for dredge operators, government agencies, and members of the legal profession connected with the dredging industry.

Walter O. Wunderlich ... 680 pages - Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE); (December, 2004) ... Language: English - ISBN-10: 0784406723 - ISBN-13: 978-0784406724 ...

"Hydraulic Structures: Probabilistic Approaches to Maintenance" is an introduction to the field of probability theory and its applications in engineering. This book provides an overview of probabilistic methods at an introductory level including the probability of sets, arithmetic operations with random variables, probabilistic reliability calculations, and risky decision evaluation, as they apply to maintenance of hydraulic structures. Major benefits of the book include conveying to the reader the basic knowledge of a collection of probabilistic methods; creating a deep understanding of these methods by leading the reader through numerous derivations of formulas; helping the reader recognize that probabilistic methods are superior to traditional deterministic analysis; and instilling appreciation of these methods by presenting some very powerful probability laws and functions, which provide insight into the apparent chaos of the world of random numbers. This book is a useful tool for those in the hydraulic structures maintenance community, including hydraulic engineers, because it incorporates probabilistic methods into mainstream engineering.

Henry T. Falvey ... 162 pages - Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE); (August, 2002) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 0784406316 - ISBN-13: 978-0784406311 ...

This comprehensive handbook on the hydraulic design of labyrinth spillways - from theory to current practice - presents a state-of-the-art method for the effective design of labyrinth weirs. The book first provides a fundamental understanding of the theory of labyrinth weirs and continues with detailed sections on significant factors that affect the discharge characteristics of labyrinth weirs such as crest shape, weir height, and sidewall angle. The most common design curves are discussed, and from these a recommendation is developed for only one design curve to be used in future designs. But because site conditions often vary so much from the idealized conditions described in this book, a section on site-specific modeling criteria is included for making accurate predictions of prototype performance. In its review of past studies, the book closely examines many long held concepts, especially concerning the idea of interference, nappe oscillation, and the definition of which head to use in design computations, and revises them in an effort to advance current thinking based on the latest research. With its review of theoretical concepts and its straightforward presentation of the practical aspects of design, both practicing engineers and researchers will find this book to be a "must-have" reference for the hydraulic design of labyrinth weirs. The chapters include: Analytic Development; Nappe Interference; Crest Shapes; Design Curves; Downstream Chute; Nappe Oscillation; Design; Sedimentation and Ice; Aeration; Special Cases; and Model Studies. To help guide the designer, an appendix provides a representative sample of the prototype installations and their dimensions that have been constructed worldwide.

Pierre Y. Julien ... 456 pages - Publisher: Cambridge Univ. Press; 1st edition (August, 2002) ... Language: English - ISBN-10: 0521529700 - ISBN-13: 978-0521529709 ...

This textbook offers a thorough analysis of rivers from upland areas to oceans. Julien scrutinizes select methods underlining both theory and engineering applications, emphasizing the mechanics of flood wave propagation and sediment transport in rivers. Chapters provide detailed treatments of riverbank stabilization and engineering methods and cover physical and mathematical models. Together, they elucidate measures to reduce flood impact and bank erosion, improve navigation, and increase water supply to cities and irrigation canals. More than 100 exercises and nearly twenty case studies make this book an invaluable learning tool for students. In a comprehensive analysis of rivers, this text scrutinizes select methods underlining both theory and engineering applications, emphasizing the mechanics of flood wave propagation and sediment transport. It covers fundamental principles, engineering analysis, and engineering design, with problems, examples, and case studies. Channel stability and river dynamics are examined, as are riverbank stabilization and engineering methods. Separate chapters cover physical and mathematical models. The text is essential reading for the theory behind and the design of measures to reduce flood impact and bank erosion, improve navigation, and increase water supply to cities and irrigation canals. For advanced students, researchers, and practitioners. 

Olek C. Zienkiewicz, Robert L. Taylor, P. Nithiarasu ... 
584 pages - Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann; 7th edition (November, 2013) ...
Language: English - ISBN-10: 1856176355 - ISBN-13: 978-1856176354 ...

The Finite Element Method for Fluid Dynamics offers a complete introduction the application of the finite element method to fluid mechanics. The book begins with a useful summary of all relevant partial differential equations before moving on to discuss convection stabilization procedures, steady and transient state equations, and numerical solution of fluid dynamic equations.

The character-based split (CBS) scheme is introduced and discussed in detail, followed by thorough coverage of incompressible and compressible fluid dynamics, flow through porous media, shallow water flow, and the numerical treatment of long and short waves. Updated throughout, this new edition includes new chapters on: Fluid-structure interaction, including discussion of one-dimensional and multidimensional problems. + Biofluid dynamics, covering flow throughout the human arterial system. Focusing on the core knowledge, mathematical and analytical tools needed for successful computational fluid dynamics (CFD), The Finite Element Method for Fluid Dynamics is the authoritative introduction of choice for graduate level students, researchers and professional engineers. A proven keystone reference in the library of any engineer needing to understand and apply the finite element method to fluid mechanics. + Founded by an influential pioneer in the field and updated in this seventh edition by leading academics who worked closely with Olgierd C. Zienkiewicz. + Features new chapters on fluid-structure interaction and biofluid dynamics, including coverage of one-dimensional flow in flexible pipes and challenges in modeling systemic arterial circulation.

Konstantinos L. Katsifarakis ... 174 pages - Publisher: WIT Press; (June, 2012) ... Language: English - ISBN-10: 1845646649 - ISBN-13: 978-1845646646.

With the population of our planet exceeding seven billion, funds for infrastructure works being limited worldwide, and climate change affecting water resources, their optimal development and management is literally vital. This volume deals with application of some non-traditional optimization techniques to hydraulics, hydrology and water resources management and aims at helping scientists dealing with these issues to reach the best decisions.

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